Wednesday, October 26, 2011

Aluminum and Carbon Fiber



Position: On the ramp, KLAS
Equipment: A320 V2500 A-5 engines

The first hints of twilight in the east... Above my head, a magnificent aluminum and carbon-fiber aircraft tail arching high into the lightening sky. Looking straight up, Orion the Hunter is still visible. To me, that translates to snow and ice, i.e., wintertime operations just around the corner.

The wind is whipping my tie uncontrollably. I have tried to stop it, but it is useless. I let it whip. I am holding my hat in place with one hand and shining a flashlight on Fi-Fi with the other looking for dents, ripped tires, leaks, gear-pins still installed, oxygen discs in place, fire extinguisher discs in place, static wicks, clear static ports, open pitot tubes, and on the list goes...

I won the early morning Starbucks coin flip. I would much rather pre-flight than stand in-line waiting for coffee and trying to remember the New Age drink orders from the flight attendants... Green tea light with two pumps, white cinnamon, two sweeteners, and skim, or something like that, and that is for the lead flight attendant. The remaining two are even more complicated. The co-pilot can handle it... He's a sharp young man two weeks out of the Electric Jet training machine.

The sound of large jet engines at take-off thrust... A company A320 is lifting its nose gear clear of runway 1-Right. I can see the heat plumes blasting out of the engines along with feeling the roaring thrust in my chest... It is a good feeling.

The beautiful aircraft rises into the sky, nose rising to a steep angle while briefly outlined by the lights of the casinos. In a few seconds it is banking 30 degrees toward the east, heading for the sunrise. The climb rate is fantastic... I can see the vertical speed indicator in my mind's eye. It is, more or less, awesome.

Underneath our right wing, a fuel truck is hooked up and pumping Jet-A. The fueler is standing by the open fuel panel in the right wing root watching the green digits increase. A familiar female ramp-lead and four rampers are throwing bags onto two conveyor belts aimed at the open cargo bays. Two long baggage trains are being emptied.

On the other side of the tail, a catering truck is re-stocking the galleys through cabin door 2-L. I glance at my pilot chronometer that I can't read anymore without geezer glasses, but can still see the hand position... The ducks are lining up on schedule. Captain Dave's world is reasonably stable thirty minutes before sunrise.

"Brakes released... Cleared to push."

The large diesel powered tug begins to shove on the Electric Jet; I salute the gate supervisor in the jetway and she gives me a thumbs up. Ramp-lead, pushing on my nose gear, says, "Cap, cleared to turn number one."

I ask the co-pilot to throw a match into number one, and then open my side Plexiglas sliding window about an inch. A rushing sound of high pressure air fills the cockpit. The pneumatic starter motor of the left (#1) IAE V-2500 A-5 engine starts turning the N2 section. It is one of the most satisfying sounds to my soul... Hard to explain; it's a pilot thing.

The rushing sound grows in intensity as the starter motor spins the mighty A-5 engine faster and faster... I watch the engine instruments.

Igniters, fuel flow, and temperature rise happen about the same moment with a muffled whoof and then a guttural low-pitched whine quickly rising in intensity... Light off, baby!

I close the side window and lock it... I have received my morning fix of turbine ecstasy. Yeah!

Windsock...

KLAS tower has cleared us for take-off, runway 1-Right. The sun, streaming orange light through the co-pilot's side window, is about five degrees above the horizon. I am looking for a windsock but cannot find one. Oh well... The tower controller told us the wind direction and velocity with the take-off clearance. Good enough...


A quick glance at the handwritten note I made myself for engine failure... Reaching 4.3 miles from the Las Vegas VOR, bank right back to the VOR and enter holding with a direct entry; retract flaps at 3,181 feet. I add that to my bucket of paranoia before the thrust levers are moved.

On this lovely Sunday morning, 150 souls are counting on two pilots in the pointy-end to deliver them safely to KBOS.

150 miles down the airway...

The Electric Jet levels at 35,000 feet 150 miles east of KLAS. The flight plan TOC (top-of-climb) fuel load is within 200 pounds of the actual fuel-in-tanks. That is a good thing... Calls for a TOC sip of Starbucks French roast (bold).

The flight-plan time enroute does not agree with Fi-Fi nav calculations. I push the AIRPORT button on the left nav computer and look at the arrival into KBOS. I can see 60 miles of course line that we will not be flying. I know this from KBOS experience. I will have the co-pilot take the excess mileage out later.

Training...

The airline is currently training a lot of new Electric Jet pilots, both seats. I can fly for years without seeing an inexperienced co-pilot, and then the worm turns. This kid is the fourth newbie I have had in a short time. It forces me to be on my game... No slacking or whining as I tend to do with an experienced co-pilot.

The first few months out of training is critical to understanding the ways of this remarkable electronic entity. It is not fair to burden them with extraneous nonsense of the Line. Instead, I have been showing him a few of my smoke and mirror management techniques that new Fi-Fi pilots can use to ease themselves into the matrix without too much embarrassment.

Fi-Fi can be very frustrating to a new pilot when the expected reaction goes off on a wild tangent or does not happen at all. There are work arounds to such problematic areas... Isolate it and apply manual flight techniques until you understand what the automation is trying to do.

Then and only then, start applying digital magic to the procedure until you have mastered it. Never, ever let automation overwhelm your airmanship. I see it again and again... Automation is your friend, not your master.

Speed...

Outside, a micro-thin layer of cirrus clouds a few feet above us... The top of the tail is probably slicing it like a 450 knot knife blade. The sensation of speed is amazing as the super thin cloud layer rushes past the top of the aircraft. Whoa! Look at that! We are packin' the mail... Literally.

Calls for another sip of Starbucks French roast (bold). I would estimate the in-cup temperature at about 110 degrees. Maybe another 30 minutes of drink time before it is too cool.

Auto-pilot #2...

What was I thinking earlier? If I get overheated I might pop a circuit breaker. I reach up to the a/p selector and push auto-pilot #2.

Fi-Fi accepts the command... Auto-pilot #1 turns OFF with a clack and auto-pilot #2 takes over the aircraft. I look at the co-pilot... "Your aircraft."

I feel better... Life on the Line continues...


Thursday, October 06, 2011

Systems


Position: Over Puget Sound
Compass Heading: 350 degrees
Altitude: 6,000 feet
Indicated Airspeed: 250 knots
Equipment: A321 V2500-A5
Pax-on-Board: 183 + 3 jumpers

Airborne...

My mood was light-to-moderately crabby until I saw what was waiting at the SEA-TAC gate... An A321. I love the 321 but do not get to fly them much because of fleet numbers. At the bottom of the jetway, L-1 (left cabin door, forward), I could smell the new odor wafting out of her cabin. Oooh, baby! You smell good.

I am a few minutes ahead of the co-pilot and four flight attendants who are standing in line at Starbucks. The stretch Electric Jet is dark, power OFF. I fumble with my geezer glasses, push the iPhone button for some Apple light and start reading the power-up checklist. There is something about the iPhone and Fi-Fi... They kind of go together.

With systems coming on line and stabilizing, I look into the cabin... Yikes, these things are long! You can barely see the rear galley. The flight deck is beautiful... I take a walk into the cabin admiring her newness. The pax seats look like they were installed at the factory this morning, instead of a few weeks ago.

OK, this is not so bad... I was wanting a northwesterly heading to Anchorage, but will make do with an easterly course line in this baby.

Noise Abatement...

Because it is after 2200 hrs. local, the departure controller turned us out over the water, i.e., a left bank after take-off from runway 34-Right to comply with noise abatement rules. As we seasoned Line geezers are fond of saying, I am using the emergency flight controls (stick & rudder, thrust levers) in the climb.

Light fingertip pressure is all it takes to maneuver this new enhanced Electric Jet; thrust levers are set in the climb power detent. Out of 10,000 feet, I flip the overhead switches to stow the main lights. You can actually see the twin light spears rotate downward as they fold into their little cubby holes under each wing root.

These 321s are very quiet. The speed increase out of 10,000 feet is a digital value on the airspeed indicator without an accompanying noise increase. Engine noise, because they are so far aft, is almost non-existent. It is a weird sensation compared to the 319/320.

11,000 feet...

Compass heading is 100 degrees as the departure controller clears us to the first virtual waypoint about 60 miles east of PPOS (present position). Fi-Fi is rolling through 270 knots as she enters the orange cloud bellies reflecting Seattle street lights. The flight director crosshairs are showing me the proper attitude for best climb rate and fuel burn... Hey, dummy! Pay attention! Put the little airplane in the center!

The crosshairs are one degree high; I pressure the joystick with my little finger and raise the nose to match. The engines are new, strong, and running cool. The fuel flows are... Uh, don't look yet. It only makes you paranoid; they are huge in this thick air.

14,000 feet...

The Electric Jet breaks out of the overcast and into the dark night sky. The stars are beautiful this evening, or is it morning? I look at the pilot's chronometer the wife-of-my-youth bought me when we were both young.

It is still evening, but not for long.

Enough fun for now... Auto-pilot ON, auto-thrust ON, check NAV engaged. The transition from my little finger to the Star Trek mode is seamless.

The Seattle departure controller gives us the frequency for Seattle Center and wishes us a good flight.

28,000 feet...

I hear a snap behind me... uh-oh; that sounded like a circuit breaker. Before I can put a light on the circuit breaker panel behind the co-pilot, the computers that monitor the system computers generate a fault warning... Center-fuel tank, right pump FAULT.

I put a flashlight beam on the circuit breaker panel and see a popped circuit breaker's white nub sticking out of the otherwise dark panel. Yep, we have lost a fuel pump. Interesting...

"Ding"...

A yellow master caution light illuminates the flightdeck along with a caution bell... Center-tank auto-feed FAULT. It's gone from interesting to very interesting... I suspect a check valve or pressure switch has failed, rather than the actual pump.

The fuel-tank system page illuminates on the lower LCD screen. The wing tanks are normal and in the green. So, the center tank has lost a pump; no problem. We can OPEN the fuel cross-feed valve and use the remaining center-tank pump to feed both engines. If we lose the remaining center-tank pump, we will be landing at O'Hare or Detroit for more fuel. The engines cannot draw fuel from the center tanks unassisted. The wing tanks; yes.

The email alert light begins to flash... Of course. Mother is calling; we are in a new enhanced Fi-Fi which communicates with Mother at all times. Maintenance Control, a subsidiary of Mother, says they show center-tank pump #2 (right) and the AUTO FUEL feed, center-tank are faulted. Amazing! I have gone from steam-jets with WW2 instrument panels to this airborne main-frame of computing power. I wonder what the young ones in the right seat will see in their time? Maybe nothing... The flight management computers might take over entirely. Get rid of these pesky pilots.

I send an email back to Maintenance Control: yes, the center tank system is having some problems, but assure them than everything is under control.

They respond with a promise to have techs waiting for the aircraft. In days gone by, we would have started preparing a booby-trapped blueberry muffin (insert realistic plastic bug) for the techs. Maintenance techs will eat anything left in the aircraft.

It's a kinder and gentler Line today... No booby-trapped muffins allowed anymore.

Manual fuel feed...

The automatic feature of the center-tank feed has failed, which means captain Dave will manually operate the remaining center-tank fuel pump. The fuel pumps give the engines more than they need at all times, so the excess returns to the wing tanks in the 321, tip tanks in the 320/319. Normally, the auto-feed function will shut the center-tank pumps OFF before the wing tanks/tip tanks overflow.

In manual feed, not so... Uh, think of a white plume jettisoning from the wing overflow vents causing multiple pax to ring their overhead call buttons in the cabin. Please don't ask me how I know about this... Well, OK... I did a carpet dance two or three Chief Pilots ago over this very thing.

Now, I am paranoid about the fuel overflow vents. It still makes me twitch thinking about it, but I will never overflow another drop of fuel as long as I am on the Line.

Center-tanks empty...

Yeah baby! The center-tanks are empty; we are drawing on the wing tanks. Life is good as I switch OFF the remaining center-tank fuel pump and close the cross-feed valve. We are good to go... Plenty of accessible fuel remaining.

Over Minny... 35,000 ft

Minneapolis is passing under our long, shiny belly when the lead flight attendant calls us, "Hey boys, dinner is ready."

I have been concentrating on the fuel and forgotten about hunger pangs. I ask her if they look edible... She assures me they are from the First Class carts. On certain legs we get First Class food, on others, lowest bidder crewmeals. There is no rhyme or reason.

I ask her to send up a strong coffee with the meals. We are living large this morning... Local time is 0220 hrs.

Fuel: Center tanks dry/wing tanks almost full.
Hydraulics: 3,000 psi
Electrics: Gen 1 & 2 under 30% of capacity
Oxygen press: 1500 psi
Fuel flow: 6200 lbs p/hr

Life on the Line continues...